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Utopian socialism
Utopian socialism, also known as proto-socialism or proto-communism is a term for the various pre-Marxist and idealist tendencies in the early socialist movement, roughly before the mid-1800s. Utopian tendencies often advocated for a what resembled a communist society but diverged from later scientific socialism in that they often failed to recognize the necessity of class struggle and historical analysis.
Further reading
- Socialism: Utopian and Scientific (1880), by Friedrich Engels. Available on the Marxists Internet Archive.